http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-23798012
“Fast moving snails spread deadly dog disease across UK.” Matt McGrath, Environment correspondent, BBC News.
“They’re not that fast – but they’re fast enough to cover about 10 metres overnight,” so says Dr Dave Hodgson. Despite their lethargic reputations, snails can travel at a relatively speedy one metre per hour, say researchers. By attaching multi-coloured LED lights, the scientists were able to track their movements over a 24-hour period. They found that these gastropods were fast enough to explore the length of an average UK garden in a single night. “They are so slow that people don’t even think about them moving, but it turns out they do, and they can go a long way in a night,” said Dr Dave Hodgson, who led this study and was also involved in a BBC amateur science experiment in 2010 that sought to discover if snails had a homing instinct.
But scientists are worried that the fast-moving snails are spreading a parasite that is deadly for dogs. Over the past few years the wet summers enjoyed across the UK have proved the ideal breeding grounds for snails. “They are not just lettuce munchers, they are carriers of parasites that can kill your dogs,” says Dr Dave Hodgson. According to the Royal Horticultural Society, their numbers increased by 50% last year. As well as being a pest for gardeners, snails can also spread a parasite called Angiostrongylus vasorum. This lungworm is a particular threat to dogs, which can become infected by accidentally eating slugs or snails which they come across in the garden or on dog toys. Researchers at the University of Exeter were commissioned to look into the scale of the threat by the Be Lungworm Aware campaign, which was set up and funded by Bayer Animal Health.
The researchers say their new work indicates that snails pose a growing threat to pets. “They are not just lettuce munchers, they are carriers of parasites that can kill your dogs,” said Dr Hodgson. A recent survey of veterinary surgeons indicated that the lungworm parasite was now endemic across the UK, where once it was mainly found in the south. “It is becoming a real problem not just in the south of England, it is moving north to Scotland,” said Dr Hodgson. “It is a national problem and we all have to pay attention to the interactions between dogs and snails,” he said.
In the new work, the scientists were surprised to see so many snails followed the slimy trails laid by others. Dr Hodgson says it is all about conserving energy. “We know that snails use about 40% of their energy budget producing slime. “Given a chance, a snail will prefer to follow a trail that has been laid by another, it is a form of cheating like slipstreaming,” he said.
As to what pet owners should do, the scientists suggested they should regularly check the nooks and crannies in their gardens for snails and try to reduce exposure to the species. “I wouldn’t be too happy suggesting that there should be a snail apocalypse and everyone should get rid of them,” said Dr Hodgson. “I think awareness is a better idea, people need to understand the wildlife in their gardens and that no organism is totally harmless.”